Other Enzymes: Heparanase2
SPA-Heparanase-2
Heparanase-2
Size: 100 ug
Price: $300
Description:
SPA-Heparanase-2 is a pool of rabbit polyclonal antibodies made to the endo-beta-D-glucuronidase heparanase-2. The antibody is made to domain-specific synthetic peptides based on human heparanase-2. The antibody has been peptide-affinity purified, concentrated to 1.0 mg/ml, with the addition of 0.05% sodium azide as preservative and 50% glycerol as cryoprotectant.
Use:
Heparanase-2 was discovered after hepartanase-1 by cloning methods. Heparanase-2 is an enzyme in brain, mammary gland, prostate, testis, small intestine, uterus and bladder thought to cleave the heparin sulfate groups off of the heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans (HS-GAGs) in the ECM. Since the HS-GAGs act as reservoirs for numerous cationic growth factors and proteinases, the release into the local environment of these factors initiates a wide range of responses. Distribution of Heparanase-2 is thought to be quite different than heparanasse-1, but both are thought to be made by and strongly affect tumor cells and blood vessels. Heparanase-2 is an endo –beta-D-glucuronidase that cleaves glycosidic bonds of heparin sulfate chains by hydrolysis. Heparanase-2 has 44% identity to heparanase-1 at the amino acid level. Less is known about heparanase-2, and most information is modeled on the heparanase-1 system. Heparanase-1 is secreted as a zymogen, and the active form is a 2-chain molecule held together by intermolecular disulfide bonds. Two cleavages are required to generate the active form of heparanase-1. In heparanase-1 the short aminoterminal fragment (NTF) runs from glutamine-36 to glutamic acid-109, and the carboxyterminal fragment (CTF) runs from lysine-158 to isoleucine 543 (the end of the latent molecule). Cleavage at Ala35-Gln36 and Glu109-Ser110 creates the NTF, and cleavage at Gln157-Lys158 generates the CTF. A linker peptide of 72 residues is excised and released to allow the 2-chain molecule to form. The heparin binding site is located at the aminoterminal end of the CTF, and the active residues are Glu225 (the proton donor) and Glu343 (the nucleophile). The enzyme that cleaves the aminoterminus of the CTF is thought to be cathepsin-L, or a related proteinase, since a tyrosine residue sits aminoterminal to the cleavage site at P2. The activation is thought to occur in lysosomal compartments, requiring an acidic pH, and the enzyme is stored there awaiting secretion. The 592 amino acid pro-heparanase-2 sequence predicts a protein of 66.6 kDa, with a pI of 10.1. A 597 amino acid form with a 5 residue insertion just past the start of the CTF is reported, with predicted mass of 67.1 kDa. Also a splice variant of 548 amino acids length, truncated at the carboxyterminal end, with predicted mass of 61.8 kDa. A 534 and 480 amino acid forms are also reported, having deletions in the NTF, and with predicted mass of 60 and 53.9 kDa respectively. The basic pI helps drive to association with HS-GAGs. A recommended starting concentration for Western blots is 1:1,000 when using colorimetric substrates such as BCIP/NBT, and 1:5,000 for chemiluminescent substrates. Higher concentrations of antibody may be needed for samples from more distantly related species
FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY; NOT FOR USE IN HUMANS.
Storage:
The undiluted antibody solution is stable for approximately 6 months at 4° C. For longer storage, store at -20° C. The solution is buffered from freezing at -20° C by 50% glycerol, but will freeze at -80° C. Avoid unnecessary freeze-thaw cycles. Diluted antibody can be reused several times if not contaminated; store at 4° C with 0.05% Sodium Azide as preservative.
This product is sold through Triple Point Biologics.