Use

Mouse calpain-10 was first described in 1999 as calpain-8, and later renamed as calpain-10 when calpain-nCl-2 was renamed as calpain-8. Human calpain-10 was described the following year, and 9 different isoforms identified. Calpain-10 has been implicated in type-II diabetes by linkage analysis. The reported calpain-10 isoforms share a common aminoterminal end, but the sequences predict a range of internal deletions and carboxy-truncated enzymes. Calpain-10 domain-1 (aminoterminal end) varies significantly from the classical calpains, and may provide specific regulation or localization to calpain-10. Calpain-1 and calpain-2 are ubiquitously expressed, and are countered by the endogenous calpain inhibitor, calpastatin. Other calpain family members (calpain-3, Calpain-8, calpain-10, ncl-3, etc) have more limited tissue distribution, and perhaps different functions. Calpain-3 is apparently not inhibited by calpastatin, and it is not clear if calpain-10 is inhibited by calpastatin. The classical calpains are a heterodimer of a common small subunit (Calpain-4), and a large variable subunit. It is not clear that calpain-10 binds the small subunit. Domains in the large subunit include the amino terminal domain-I, the proteinase domain-II, domain-III, and Domain-T (instead of the EF-hand domain of the classical calpains). RP4Calpain-10 recognizes latent and amino-processed Calpain-10. The mouse calpain-10 sequence is 603 AA, predicting a 67.7 kD protein. The longest form of human calpain-10 is 672 AA, predicting a 74.9 kD protein. Post translational modifications such as phosphorylation can produce isoforms with larger apparent MW on SDS PAGE gels. RP4Calpain-10 Anti-RP4Calpain-10 works well for Western Blotting applications, and when used against the reduced protein identifies bands at 78 Kd, 66 Kd, and a series of further cleaved forms. Many cell types produce RP4Calpain-10; since it is a cellular protein, cell lysate works well for Western blots. Mouse, rat and human RP4Calpain-10 (only the two longest isoforms) are detected with RP4Calpain-10. A recommended starting concentration for Western blots is 1:1000 when using colorimetric substrates such as BCIP/NBT, and 1:5000 for chemiluminescent substrates. Higher concentrations of antibody may be needed for samples from more distantly related species.

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR USE IN HUMANS.

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