Mouse Calpain-10 was first described in 1999 as Calpain-8, and later renamed as Calpain-10 when Calpain-nCl-2 was renamed as Calpain-8.  Human Calpain-10 was described the following year, and nine different isoforms were identified.  Calpain-10 has been implicated in type-II diabetes by linkage analysis.  The reported Calpain-10 isoforms share a common aminoterminal end, but the sequences predict a range of internal deletions and carboxy-truncated enzymes.  Calpain-10 domain-1 (aminoterminal end) varies significantly from the classical calpains, and may provide specific regulation or localization to Calpain-10.  Calpain-1 and Calpain-2 are ubiquitously expressed, and are countered by the endogenous calpain inhibitor, calpastatin.  Other calpain family members (Calpain-3, Calpain-8, Calpain-10, ncl-3, etc.) have more limited tissue distribution, and perhaps different functions.  Calpain-3 is apparently not inhibited by calpastatin, and it is not clear if Calpain-10 is inhibited by calpastatin.  The classical calpains are a heterodimer of a common small subunit (Calpain-4), and a large variable subunit.  It is not clear that Calpain-10 binds the small subunit.  Domains in the large subunit include the amino terminal domain-I, the proteinase domain-II, domain-III, and Domain-T (instead of the EF-hand domain of the classical calpains).  RP2-Calpain-10 recognizes latent and amino-processed Calpain-10.  The mouse Calpain-10 sequence is 603 AA , predicting a 67.7 kD protein.  The longest form of human Calpain-10 is 672 AA, predicting a 74.9 kD protein.  Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation can produce isoforms with larger apparent MW on SDS PAGE gels.  RP2-Calpain-10 works well for Western blotting applications, and when used against the reduced protein identifies bands at 78 kD, 66 kD, and a series of further cleaved forms.  Many cell types produce Calpain-10; since it is a cellular protein, cell lysate works well for Western blots.  Rat, mouse and human Calpain-10 (all but the three shortest forms) are detected with RP2-Calpain-10.  A recommended starting concentration for Western blots is 1:1,000 when using colorimetric substrates such as BCIP/NBT, and 1:5,000 for chemiluminescent substrates.  Higher concentrations of antibody may be needed for samples from more distantly related species.

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The undiluted antibody solution is stable for approximately 6 months at  4°C. For longer storage, store at  -20°C.

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